Aristotle: Ancient Philosopher Bust, 15cm alabaster bust, ancient Greece

Aristotle

(384–322 BC) was a Greek philosopher and polymath during the Classical period in Ancient Greece, born in the city of Stagira in Macedonia. Taught by Plato, he founded the Lyceum, the Peripatetic school of philosophy, and the Aristotelian tradition. His writings cover many subjects including physics, biology, zoology, metaphysics, logic, poetry, ethics, aesthetics, theatre, music, rhetoric, psychology, linguistics, economics, politics, meteorology, geology, and government. Aristotle provided a complex synthesis of the various philosophies existing prior to him. It was above all from his teachings that the West inherited its intellectual lexicon, as well as problems and methods of inquiry. His philosophy has exerted a unique influence on almost every form of knowledge in the West and it continues to be a subject of contemporary philosophical discussion. At 17 he joined Platos Academy in Athens and remained there until 37. After Plato died, Aristotle left Athens and, at the request of Philip II of Macedon, tutored Alexander the Great in 343 BC. He established a library in the Lyceum which helped him to produce many of his hundreds of books on papyrus scrolls. His views profoundly shaped medieval scholarship. Aristotles influence of physical science extended from Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages into the Renaissance, till the Enlightenment. His influence on logic continued into the 19th century. He has been called "the father of logic, biology, political science, natural law, zoology, embryology, scientific method, rhetoric, psychology, realism, criticism, individualism, teleology and meteorology".

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